Birds of Maryland and Delaware: A Guide to the Eastern Shore's Avifauna

Maryland and Delaware, situated on the Atlantic coast of the United States, form an ornithological paradise for birdwatchers and nature lovers alike. The region boasts a rich tapestry of diverse ecosystems, ranging from pristine beaches and tidal marshes to majestic forests and rolling farmlands. These varied habitats nurture a vibrant avifauna, making Maryland and Delaware a haven for birders. This comprehensive guide will provide an in-depth exploration of the birdlife found in these charming states.

Habitats and Avifauna

• Chesapeake Bay: The largest estuary in the United States, Chesapeake Bay serves as a vital stopover and wintering ground for migratory birds. Look out for waterfowl like canvasbacks, redheads, and snow geese, soaring raptors such as bald eagles and ospreys, and a myriad of shorebirds including sanderlings, ruddy turnstones, and willets.
• Eastern Shore Wetlands: The vast wetlands along the Eastern Shore provide sanctuary for an array of wetland birds. Observe great blue herons, great egrets, and glossy ibises stalking the shallows, while marsh wrens and seaside sparrows fill the air with their melodic songs.
• Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge: This 28,000-acre refuge in Maryland is a haven for waterfowl, wading birds, and songbirds. Spot the elusive black rail, listen to the chorus of prothonotary warblers, and watch for the stately trumpeter swans that grace the marshes.
• Assateague Island National Seashore: This barrier island shared by Maryland and Virginia is renowned for its coastal birdlife. Marvel at the acrobatic displays of laughing gulls and black skimmers, and search for nesting piping plovers and American oystercatchers along the sandy shores.
• Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge: Situated in Delaware, this refuge offers exceptional opportunities to observe migratory waterfowl. Witness the spectacular arrival of snow geese and tundra swans, and scan the skies for majestic peregrine falcons and northern harriers.

Birdwatching Sites

• Point Lookout State Park (MD): This scenic park on the southern tip of Maryland's Western Shore offers panoramic views of the Chesapeake Bay. Spot migratory songbirds, raptors, and waterfowl against the backdrop of the sparkling waterfront.
• Cape Henlopen State Park (DE): Located at the southernmost point of Delaware, this park provides excellent birding opportunities along its beaches, dunes, and marshes. Observe a diverse range of shorebirds, seabirds, and migratory warblers.
• Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge (VA/MD): Explore the diverse habitats of this refuge, including salt marshes, beaches, and maritime forests. Watch for nesting ospreys, clapper rails, and a variety of shorebirds.
• Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge (DE): This refuge features a network of impoundments and tidal marshes, creating a haven for waterfowl and other wetland birds. Join guided tours or embark on self-guided trails to encounter an array of avian species.
• Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge (MD): Discover a secluded paradise for birdwatching enthusiasts. Paddle along the scenic waterways to observe nesting bald eagles, prothonotary warblers, and various waterfowl species.

Conservation and Stewardship

The conservation of Maryland and Delaware's rich avifauna is paramount. Several organizations are actively engaged in protecting bird habitats, conducting research, and promoting responsible birdwatching practices.

• Audubon Society of Maryland-DC
• Delaware Ornithological Society
• Chesapeake Bay Foundation
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Maryland and Delaware offer a captivating ornithological experience, with a diverse avifauna that attracts birdwatchers from near and far. The region's varied habitats, exceptional birdwatching sites, and ongoing conservation efforts make it a premier destination for birding enthusiasts. As you explore the Eastern Shore's avian treasures, remember to practice responsible birdwatching, minimize disturbance to wildlife, and appreciate the beauty and wonder of these feathered wonders.